Day12/90DaysofDevOps challenge-Linux and Git Commands for DevOps Engineers

Now we have completed the Linux & Git-GitHub hands-on, let's make a cheat sheet of all the commands we have learned so far.

Linux Commands -

pwd: Print the current working directory.

man: To display the user manual of any command that we can run on the terminal

history: To display the history of the commands executed by the user.

clear: To clear the terminal screen.

date: Display the system date and time.

echo: Display string of characters.

whoami: Displays the login of the current user.

tree: recursive directory listing program that produces a depth-indented listing of files

uname: Displays the information about the system

1. Navigating the File System:

   • ls: List files and directories.

   • cd: Change the current directory.

   • mkdir: Create a new directory.

   • rm: Remove files or directories.

   • cp: Copy files or directories.

   • mv: Move or rename files or directories.

2. Viewing and Editing Files:

   • cat: Display the contents of a file.

   • less: View file contents interactively.

   • nano or vim: Text editors for editing files.

   • head: Display the beginning of a file.

   • tail: Display the end of a file.

3. File Permissions:

   • chmod: Change file permissions.

   • chown: Change file ownership.

   • chgrp: Change the group of directory/file

4. Processes and System Management:

   • ps: Display information about processes.

   • top : Monitor system processes interactively.

   • kill: Terminate processes.

   • shutdown or reboot: Shutdown or restart the system.

5. Networking:

   • ifconfig or ip: Display or configure network interfaces.

   • ping: Send ICMP echo requests to a host.

   • ssh: Securely access remote systems over SSH.

   • netstat : Display network statistics.

   • hostname: allows us to set and view the hostname of the system.

   • curl: used to transfer data to or from a server.

   • wget: To download files and interact with REST APIs

6. Package Management:

   • apt (Debian/Ubuntu) or yum (Red Hat/Fedora): Package management tools for installing, updating, and removing software packages.

   • dpkg (Debian/Ubuntu) or rpm (Red Hat/Fedora): Direct package management tools.

7. File Compression and Archiving:

   • tar: Create, extract, and manipulate archive files.

   • gzip or gunzip: Compress or decompress files.

   • zip or unzip: Compress or extract files in ZIP format.

8. User Management:

   • useradd: Add a new user.

   • passwd: Change user password.

   • usermod: Modify user properties.

   • userdel: Delete a user.

9. Disk and Storage Management:

   • df: Display disk space usage.

   • du: Display file and directory space usage.

   • mount and umount: Mount and unmount filesystems.

     1. Searching for files and directories:

• find: Search for files and directories in a specified directory

• grep: Search for specified patterns or text in files

• locate: Quickly find files using a database (requires updating the database)

• which: Displays the full path of a specified command.

  Git-GitHub commands -

  

  1. Setting up Git:

     • git config --global user.name "Your Name"

     • git config --global user.email "your@email.com"

  2. Creating Repositories:

     • git init: Initialize a new Git repository in the current directory.

     • git clone <repository_url>: Clone a remote repository to your local machine.

  3. Managing Changes:

     • git add <file>: Add a file to the staging area.

     • git commit -m "Commit message": Commit staged changes with a message.

     • git status: Check the status

     • git rm <file name> : To remove the file/folder

     • git diff: Show the changes between working directory and staging area.

     • git diff --staged: Show the changes between staging area and last commit.

     • git reset <file>: Unstaged changes for a file, removing them from the staging area.

     • git revert <commit>: Create a new commit that undoes the changes from a specific commit.

  4. Branching and Merging:

     • git branch: List all branches in the repository.

     • git branch -a: List all branches

     • git branch <branch_name>: Create a new branch.

     • git checkout <branch_name>: Switch to a different branch.

     • git merge <branch_name>: Merge changes from one branch into another.

     • git checkout -b <branch_name>: Create a new branch and switch to it.

     • git branch --delete <branch_name> : To delete the branch

  5. Updating and Publishing:

     • git pull: Fetch and merge changes from a remote repository.

     • git push origin <branch_name>: Push local changes to a remote repository.

     • git push -u origin <branch_name>: Push changes to remote repository (and remember the branch)

     • git remote add origin ssh://git@github.com/[username]/[repository-name].git : Add a remote repository

  6. Viewing History:

     • git log: Display commit history.

     • git log --oneline: Display a single commit history.

     • git-show: To see log messages

  7. Stashing Changes:

     • git stash: Temporarily save changes that are not ready to be committed.

     • git stash apply: Apply the most recent stash.

     • git stash save: Changes can be stashed with a message

     • git stash list: List out all the stashes stored in the stash stack

     • git stash clear or drop: To delete all the stashes from the stash stack

     • git stash branch <branch name>: Create a new branch from your latest stash

     • git cherry-pick <commit>: Apply changes from a specific commit to the current branch.

     • git remote -v: View a list of remote repositories and their URLs.

     • git pull upstream <branch>: Pull changes from the original repository after forking (upstream).

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